Left side
i1. Coat of arms of Italy.
i2. Augustus (63 BC - 14 AD), founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor (Wikipedia).
i3. Caius Julius Caesar (63BC-14AD), first emperor of the Roman Empire
(Wikipedia).
Aquaduct.
i4. Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882), general and politician (Wikipedia).
i5. Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527), philosopher, founder of modern political science (Wikipedia).
i6. probably Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680), architect (Wikipedia), depicted with (unknown)
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), physicist, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher
(Wikipedia), depicted with planets.
i7. Florence: Cathedral.
Unknown tower.
i8. Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), explorer (Wikipedia).
Paestum: Greek temple.
i9. Two Etruscan statuettes:
Warrior and Chimera of Arrezzo.
i10. probably Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 BC), Roman philosopher, statesman, lawyer, orator, political theorist, Roman consul and constitutionalist (Wikipedia).
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Front side
i11. ITALIA
Michelangelo (1475-1564), sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer (Wikipedia).
Detail of his painting 'The Creation of Adam'.
i12. Rome: Colosseum.
i13. Pratovecchio: Ruins.
Church of Propositura del SS Nome di Gesu and Torre porta.
i14. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Italian painter, sculptor, architect, etc. (Wikipedia).
i15. Pisa: Leaning tower.
i16. Romulus and Remus and the She-Wolf.
Roman centurion.
i17. Niccolò Paganini (1782-1840), violist and composer (Wikipedia)
unknown castle.
i18. Raphael (1483-1520), painter and architect
(Wikipedia), self portrait
i19. Federico Fellini (1920-1993), film director (Wikipedia), with film camera
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Right side
i20. Coat of arms of Pratovecchio.
i21. Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375), author of Decameron (Wikipedia).
i22. Dante Alighieri (c. 1265-1321),
poet (Wikipedia).
i23. Da Vinci's Vitruvian Man.
i24. Portrait.
i25. Venice: Church of San Giorgio Maggiore.
Ponte di Rialto with gondola.
i26. Modern Italian sculptures: Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913, and two busts
i27. Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901), composer (Wikipedia).
View of San Gimignano. - Portrait.
i28. Unknown castle.
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Left side
f1. Coat of arms of France.
f2. Portrait.
f3. Portrait.
Château de Chenonceau.
f4. Unknown ruin.
Unknown figure.
f5. Portrait.
f6. Portrait.
Mont Saint-Michel
f7. Ronchamp: Notre Dame du Haut, by Le Corbusier
Unknown figure.
f8. Portrait.
Unknown.
f9.
Château d'Anjony (Cantal), built by one of Jeanne d'Arc's companions. - Château de Bonaguil (Lot-et-Garonne).
Jeanne d'Arc (ca. 1412 - 1431), national heroine of France (Wikipedia). - Unknown building.
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Front side
f10. Text FRANCE and portrait.
f11. Unknown sculpture.
Rodin's thinker.
f12. Égletons: Church, a building with tower, and Mairie
f13. Marianne, symbol of France, detail from the painting Liberty Leading the People, by Eugène Delacroix
f14. Paris: Eiffel tower
f15. Portrait.
Guillotine.
f16. Paris: Arc de Triomphe and Sacré Coeur.
f17. Portrait.
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Right side
f18. Coat of arms of Égletons.
f19. Montgolfier's hot-air balloon (1783).
Aircraft 14-bis of Alberto Santos-Dumont (1906).
f20. Portrait.
Moulin rouge and dancer.
f21. Dancer.
Portrait.
f22. Portrait.
Château de Chambord.
f23. René Descartes (1596-1650), philosopher (Wikipedia).
f24. Portrait.
Unknown castle.
f25. Unknown.
f26. Portrait.
Unknown castle.
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Left side
d1. Coat of arms of Uffenheim.
d2. Kölner Dom.
d3. Bamberg: Altes Rathaus and city view.
d4. Unknown church.
d5. Frankfurt/Main: Römer and modern buildings
d6. Charlemagne (742-814), King of the Franks (since 768) and Emperor (since 800)
(Wikipedia).
Aachen Cathedral.
d7. Rothenburg ob der Tauber: Plönlein.
Topplerschlösschen.
d8. Neuschwanstein castle.
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Front side
d9. Text Deutschland in loose letters.
Johannes Gutenberg (c. 1398-1468), inventor of the mechanical printing press
(Wikipedia), with a printing press.
d10. Würzburg: Fortress Marienberg.
d11. Uffenheim: Würzburger Tor with Scherenhof and Marienkirche.
d12. Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528), painter, printmaker, engraver (Wikipedia), self portrait and monogram.
d13. Ansbach: Herrieder Torturm with St. Johanniskirche and St. Gumbertuskirche.
d14. Regensburg: Steinernen Brücke, Salzstadel with city gate, and Dom St. Peter.
Pope Benedict XIV (1927), pope 2005-2013 (Wikipedia).
d15. München: St. Peterskirche, Frauenkirche and the monk from the coat of arms.
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Right side
d16. Coat of arms of Germany.
d17. Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898), first Chancellor of the German empire
(Wikipedia).
Berlin: Reichstag.
d18. Martin Luther (1483-1546), initiator of the Protestant Reformation
(Wikipedia).
Eisenach: Wartburg.
d19. Berlin: Siegesäule, Brandenburger Tor.
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827), composer
(Wikipedia).
d20. Various buildings in Nürnberg.
d21. Portrait.
Unknown church.
d22. top: Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805), German poet (Wikipedia).
bottom: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), German writer (Wikipedia), portrait follows the painting 'Goethe in the Roman Campagna' by Johann Tischbein (Wikimedia).
d23. Unknown.
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